(1) The tundish is a container that mainly undertakes, stores, and redistributes molten steel.

It is gradually developed into a metallurgical technology for adjusting the temperature, adjusting trace alloying elements, and improving inclusions and other intermediate materials.

(2) Requirements for refractory materials: The refractoriness is not high, but it is required to resist the erosion of molten steel, steel slag and slag. It has good thermal shock resistance, requires low heat transfer coefficient, good heat preservation performance, no pollution to molten steel, and is easy to be built and disassembled.